I ka hānai ʻana i ka ʻīlio, manaʻoʻiʻo wau he nui nā mea mālama holoholona i pilikia loa. He aha ke ʻanoʻai ʻīlioʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no nā ʻīlio? E aʻo wau iā ʻoe pehea e koho ai i kahi meaʻai ʻīlio maikaʻi!
1 、 E kohoʻai ʻīlioma muli o ka pūʻulu makahiki
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻai ʻīlio i ʻekolu ʻano: ʻai ʻīlio, ʻai ʻīlio makua, a ʻai ʻīlio makua. Loaʻa nā ʻokoʻa i ka hiki ke komo a me nā pono meaʻai o nā ʻīlio o nā makahiki like ʻole. Inā hānai ʻia nā ʻīlio a pau i hoʻokahi ʻano meaʻai ʻīlio, hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa i ka ʻai ʻole a i ʻole ka ʻai nui.
ʻAi ʻīlio: kūpono no nā ʻīlio weaned a hiki i 3 mahina
ʻAi ʻīlio makua: kūpono i nā ʻīlio ma mua o 8 mahina
'Ōlelo Aʻo: Loaʻa i nā ʻīlio liʻiliʻi ka wā estrus mua a hiki ke ʻai i ka ʻai ʻīlio makua mai 8 a 10 mau mahina. Loaʻa i nā ʻīlio liʻiliʻi a nui ka wā estrus a hiki ke ʻai i ka ʻai ʻīlio makua mai 10 mahina a 1 makahiki.
2 、ʻO nā huaʻai manuahi ʻole, ʻoihana kūʻai, a me nā hua maoli
He ʻelua ʻano o ka ʻai ʻīlio ma ka mākeke: ʻaʻohe palaoa a kūlohelohe No laila he aha ke ʻano o ka meaʻai ʻīlio i kūpono i nā ʻīlio? Ma lalo nei, e kālailai au no kēlā me kēia.
1. ʻAʻohe kīʻaha
ʻO ke ʻano o ka meaʻai me ka ʻole o ka palaoa, e like me kona ʻano maoli, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka ʻai ʻīlio nā ʻāpana palaoa a hoʻohana i nā mea kanu wai kalapona ʻē aʻe, nā huaʻai, a me nā mea kanu, e like me ka pī a me ka ʻuala, e pani ai i nā kīʻaha kiʻekiʻe-gluten. e like me ka palaoa.
ʻO nā pōmaikaʻi o ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai me ka palaoa ʻole:
(1) E ho'ēmi i ka pilikia o ka maʻi ʻai palaoa i kekahi mau ʻīlio a e maʻalahi ke komo
(2) Hiki iā ia ke pale pono i nā ʻīlio mai ka loaʻa ʻana o ka piʻi koke ʻana o ke kō koko koko ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana a pale i ka momona.
(3) ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka hana ʻana i nā pilikia o ka ʻōpū
2. Nā huaʻai maoli
ʻO ka meaʻai ʻīlio maoli kahi ʻano meaʻai me ka ʻole o nā preservatives e like me nā antibiotics, hormones, synthetic pigments, a me synthetic inducers. ʻO nā meaʻai ʻīlio maoli mai ke ʻano maoli, me ka meaʻai momona a me ka helu absorption kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO nā pōmaikaʻi o ka ʻai ʻana i nā kīʻaha maoli:
(1) Hiki iā ia ke hoʻoikaika i ke kino o ka ʻīlio.
(2) Hoʻonui i ka hoʻoikaika kino a hoʻonui i ke ola.
(3) palekana loa a me ka meaʻai.
3、 Pehea e koho ai i kahi meaʻai ʻīlio maikaʻi?
1. E nānā i ka papa inoa o nā mea hana
E like me nā kūlana ʻāina, pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka papa inoa o kēlā me kēia meaʻai ma ke kaupaona, e hoʻomaka me ka mea ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe.
(1) He ʻiʻo ka mea mua
ʻO ka ʻai ʻīlio ka hui pū ʻana o ka ʻiʻo a me nā mea kanu, akā ʻo ka ʻiʻo nui. Inā kapa ʻia ka ʻiʻo he moa, pipi, a iʻa paha, hōʻike ia he ʻai ʻīlio maikaʻi kēlā ʻai ʻīlio.
ʻO kekahi mau ʻoihana, i mea e hūnā ai i nā hemahema o ka ʻai ʻīlio, e kākau wale e pili ana i ka moa a me ka ʻiʻo me ka ʻike ʻole i ke ʻano o ka ʻiʻo!
(2) Mākaʻikaʻi ka māhele o nā mea maka
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka papa inoa o nā meaʻai ʻīlio i ka hapa o nā mea maka. No ka ʻai ʻīlio i loaʻa i ka lehulehu, pono ia e hōʻike i ka hilinaʻi i ka huahana a hōʻike i ka makemake e ʻae i ka nānā ʻana. He maikaʻi ka hapa nui o nā meaʻai no ka ʻai ʻīlio.
2. E nānā i ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā mea hoʻohui
(1) ʻO ka polokina palaka
Loaʻa i nā meaʻai kūloko nā kūlana aupuni, a ʻo nā maʻamau o loko ka haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka meaʻai ʻīlio maikaʻi loa pono e hoʻokō i nā koi i loko, no nā ʻīlio makua ≥ 18% a me nā ʻīlio ≥ 22%.
ʻAʻole loaʻa i nā pōpoki ka nui o nā koi protein e like me nā pōpoki, akā inā ʻai nā ʻīlio i ka liʻiliʻi o ka protein, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia i ko lākou ulu a ulu ʻana. Inā ʻai nā ʻīlio i ka nui o ka protein, hiki iā ia ke hoʻokau i ke kaumaha nui ma ke ake a me nā puʻupaʻa, e alakaʻi ana i ka maʻi ate a me ka hōʻole ʻole ʻana.
No laila ke koho ʻana i ka meaʻai ʻīlio no nā ʻīlio, ʻo ka nui o ka protein ma waena o 22% a me 35%.
(2) Ka momona momona
Hiki i ka "momona maʻemaʻe" i ka ʻai ʻīlio, i kapa ʻia ʻo "ʻaila ʻaila," hiki ke kōkua i nā ʻīlio e pale i ko lākou ʻili a me ka lauoho a hoʻoikaika i ka lawe ʻana i ka momona momona ADE, akā ʻaʻole pono e hoʻonui.
ʻO ≥ 5.0% ka momona momona maʻamau no nā ʻīlio makua a me ≥ 8.0% no nā ʻīlio.
ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻo ke koho ʻana i ka meaʻai ʻīlio momona momona ua lawa, me ka laulā maʻamau o 13% a 18%. Hiki i nā ʻīlio me ka momona kiʻekiʻe ke hoʻomohala maʻalahi i ka ate momona, ka maʻi pancreatitis, nā ʻōpala palupalu, a me ka momona.
(3) Maʻiʻo lehu
ʻO ka lehu koʻikoʻi kahi mea hiki ʻole ke pale ʻia e ka hana o kēia manawa ke puhi ʻia nā mea ola a pau a hoʻoneʻe ʻia i loko o kahi umu wela wela ma 550-600 °C no nā laʻana meaʻai ʻīlio.
ʻO ≤ 10% ka nui o ka lehu i loko o ka ʻai ʻīlio maʻamau.
ʻO ka meaʻai ʻīlio maikaʻi a palekana hoʻi me ka nui o ka lehu ma mua o 10%. ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka mea hōʻailona o ka lehu koʻikoʻi, ʻo ia ka pale ʻana i nā mea kūʻai pono ʻole mai ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā meaʻai haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻaʻohe meaʻai i ka ʻai ʻīlio.
(4) ʻO ka pulupulu kino
ʻO ka fiber ka mea nui o nā paia o nā mea kanu, me ka cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, a me keratin. ʻO nā ʻīlio he omnivores, a ʻo ka ʻai ʻana i ka nui o ka meaʻai i loaʻa i ka fiber coarse he mea pono.
Hiki i ka pulupulu ke komo i ka wai a hoʻonui i ka māʻona o ka ʻīlio.
Hiki i ka fiber ke hoʻoulu i ka peristalsis o ka ʻōpū, kōkua i nā ʻīlio me ka constipation e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, a e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i kā lākou ʻōnaehana digestive.
He ≤ 9% ka waiwai o ka fiber crude i ka ʻai ʻīlio maʻamau.
(5) ʻO ka chloride hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai
Pono nā ʻīlio e ʻai i ka nui o ka paʻakai i kēlā me kēia lā akā ʻaʻole pono e hoʻopau nui ʻia; inā ʻaʻole, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi maʻalahi i nā pilikia e like me nā hōʻailona waimaka a me ka lauoho ʻōpala.
ʻO ≥ 0.09% ka maʻamau o ka wai-soluble chloride maʻamau no nā ʻīlio makua a me ≥ 0.45% no nā ʻīlio.
(6) Lakiō calcium-phosphorus
ʻO ka ratio calcium-phosphorus ma kahi o 1: 1 a 2: 1, me ka lakene maikaʻi loa o 1.2: 1.
ʻO ka maʻamau haʻahaʻa loa no nā kūlana aupuni:
Calcium ≥ 0.6% (nā ʻīlio makua), calcium ≥ 1.0% (nā ʻīlio), ka nui o ka phosphorus ≥ 0.5% (nā ʻīlio makua), ka nui o ka phosphorus ≥ 0.8% (nā ʻīlio)
3. E nānā i ka hōʻike hōʻike
Ke koho ʻana i ka meaʻai ʻīlio, hiki ke koho ʻia ka meaʻai pōpoki kūpono wale nō ma ka nānā ʻana i ka papa inoa meaʻai a me ka papa inoa meaʻai. No ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai ʻīlio maikaʻi, pono nā ʻoihana e hāʻawi i kahi hōʻike hoʻāʻo ʻai ʻīlio. Loaʻa nā mana liʻiliʻi i nā mana hoʻomalu maikaʻi a paʻa i nā pilikia maikaʻi, e like me nā mea ʻai meaʻai substandard a me ka ʻike nui ʻana o Aspergillus flavus.
No laila ʻaʻole ʻaʻa kēia mau liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e hōʻike i nā hōʻike hoʻāʻo a pono e hoʻāʻo e koho i ka meaʻai ʻīlio me ka ʻike ʻike kiʻekiʻe a me nā hōʻike nānā.
Aia kekahi mau ʻano mea ʻano kiʻekiʻe, a ʻo nā mea maka i hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻai ʻīlio e ʻike pū ʻia, e ʻoluʻolu ai nā ʻīlio i ka wā e ʻai ai.
